Two or three girls lead the dance and the rest soon join in. The songs sung are called Mappilapattu and are sung firstly by the leader and the remaining women lend the chorus. The other type of Oppana is Oppana Murukkam. Sometimes a type of Oppana called Oppana Chayal is performed that does not involve the clapping of hands. The dance is not vigorous and the steps are simple and movements graceful. There are about 15 performers including the musicians. The bride’s friends and other young ladies clap their hands rhythmically to the beat of the song and dance around her. The bride is decked in finery and intricate ornaments and seated in the middle on a high seat called the peetam. Maidens and the female relatives of the bride sing and dance clapping their hands. It is a famed form of social entertainment. It is performed to commemorate the nuptial celebrations of the bride and is part of the wedding festivities. It is believed that the word Oppana derives its origin from the word Afna (Arabic). Ayishakutty, Kandathil Kunjamina and so on.Oppana is a dance form and a performing art practiced by the Muslim women in the Malabar region of Kerala, especially the districts of Canaonore, Calicut and Malappuram. A few female writers also tried their hands are P.K. Ubaid are some of the popular Mappila song writers. Hunsul Jamal, Udhudpada, Malappuram Pattu, Jinnpada, Kizhathi Mala, Elippada, Hijra Pattuare his other works.Ĭhettuva Pareekutty, Chakkiri Moideenkutty, Pukkottil Hyder, Nallalam Beeran, T. Vaidyar’s most popular work is Badarul Muneer, which is a romantic ballad. Events from history are another common theme. Many of his Mappilappattu capture the beauty of fantasy and romanticism apart from a reflection of ardent religious faith and patriotism. This work helped to evoke patriotism among the Muslims of Malabar. The famous work of Moinkutty Vaidyar is Badre Pattu written in 1876 and which has almost 88 ishals or tunes. The most popular poet in ‘Arabi-Malayalam’ is Moinkutty Vaidyar. And his most famous one was Kappappattu, the first printed and published Mapplia song book and in this he has compared the life journey of human body to a voyaging vessel in the ocean. His work Nool Mala, tells the story of Muhammed Nabi. Another noted name was that of Kunhayan Musaliyar of Thalassery. It tells the story of Sufi saint Muhyidheen Abdul Khader Gilani and was written in 1607. Popular for romantic songs set in the tune, Ishalukal, the mapplia songs use words and phrases borrowed from other languages like Arabic, Urdu, Persian, Hindi, Tamil, Sanskrit and Kannada, though they are basically sung in an Arabic-Malayalam language.Įarly literary work popular for Mappila songs was Muhyidheen Mala, written by Khasi Muhammed of Kozhikode. Malappattu – songs in praise of pious personalities, Urudi – songs telling the events of war, Viruthangal – songs in praise of god, Kissukal – songs narrating the stories of prophets of Islam, Khessukal – romantic ballads, Marriage songs are the different kinds of Mappila songs popular in Kerala. The practice of Mappila songs happened along with a parallel literary tradition prevalent in Malayalam language, Manipravalam (literary style with a mixture of Sanskrit and Malayalam). These songs come with a blend of Kerala’s folk songs and Arabic musical tradition and have been influenced by both oral and written tradition of the region. Mappilappattu is hence a song which depicts the cultural tradition of Muslim community especially from north Malabar.
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